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Objective To explore the feasibility of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) for obese patients with lower tube voltage (100 kV) and lower contrast media concentration (270 mgI/ml) using iterative reconstruction.Methods A total of 48 patients with body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 were included and randomly divided into 2 groups according to random number table method.The images of the control group were obtained using iodine 370 mgI/ml, a tube voltage of 120 kV, and traditional filtered back projection (FBP) image reconstruction.Patients in the test group were injected with isotonic low concentration contrast media (270 mgI/ml), scanned with a lower tube voltage (100 kV), and adaptive iterative noise reduction image reconstruction algorithm (AIDR-3D) was used.Two experienced physicians scored the image quality in a double-blind way.Independent sample t-test was used to compare the effective dose (E), average CT values, signal to noise ratio (SNR), contrast to noise ratio (CNR), the figure of merit (FOM), image quality scores and the total iodine intake.Side effect was also evaluated.Results The subjective scores for control group and test group were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).The scores of two physicians were consistency (Kappa =0.88, P ＜ 0.05).The average CT values, SNR and CNR for the two groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05), but the FOM of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t =-9.250,-8.604,-9.158,-5.341, P ＜ 0.05).Effective dose in the test group was (1.61 ± 0.41) mSv, lower than that of the control group (t =8.373, P ＜ 0.01).The total iodine and iodine injection rate in the test group were both lower than in the control group (t =7.628, 8.480, P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of contrast mediarelated discomfort in the test group was lower than control group (x2 =18.70, 6.25, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For obese patients, isotonic low concentration of contrast media and low-dose CCTA could be feasible, which substantially reduce the radiation dose and iodine intake without sacrificing image quality.Trial registration Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR-DPD-15007510.
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Objective To evaluate the image quality and radiation dose of prospective electrocardiography-triggered coronary 320-slice volume CT angiography with different kV, and the feasibility of coronary scan with ＜ 1 mSv radiation dose.Methods Eighty consecutive patients were randomly divided into two groups equally.The tube voltage according to paradigm was 100 kV in group A and 120 kV in group B.All raw data in group A was reconstructed by the software AIDR in CT system to create a new group named as A1. Such parameters as the mean intraluminal attenuation (SI),noise (SD),signal-to-noise ratio (SNR),contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR),effective radiation dose(E) and image quality score measured in group A were compared with those in group B.The values such as SI,SD,SNR,CNR,image quality scores were compared between group A and group A1.The significance of group B and group A1 was compared in SI,SD,SNR,CNR,image quality scores as well.Results E in group A was significantly lower than that in group B[ E =(0.67 ± 0.18) mSv in group A vs.E =(3.08 ± 1.04) mSv in group B].The value of E in group A was decreased by 78％ compared to group B(t =- 14.30,P＜0.05 ).There was no significant difference in mean image quality scores between two groups(4.57 ± 0.57in groupA vs.4.59 ± 0.59 in group B,t=-1.17,P＞0.05).The values of SI,SD,SNR,CNR in group A were (570.8 ±131.5)HU,25.1 ±6.9,24.5 ±9.1,19.8 ±6.1.And the values of SI,SD,SNR,CNR in group B were (460.6 ± 14.3) HU,15.1 ±3.6,31.7 ±7.7,29.3 ±6.8.The values of SI and SD in group A were significantly higher than those in group B(t =4.49,8.18,P ＜0.05). The values of SNR and CNR in group A were lower than those in group B (t =-4.24,-6.19,P＜0.05).The valuesofS1,SD,SNR,CNR,image quality scores in group Al were (557.9 ±24.5) HU,21.1 ±6.0,27.7±10.0,23.4±7.8,4.60 ± 0.56.There was no difference in the SI and the image quality scores between group A and group A1 ( t =1.09,- 1.90,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions 320-slice volume CT with 100 kV tube voltage and prospective ECG-triggered technique can reduce the radiation dose to less than 1 mSv and obtain optimal images in diagnosis of coronary arterial diseases.
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BACKGROUND: Strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate (SCPP), as a new repairing material, has been demonstrated to have favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability and some effects on promoting self-angiogenesis. However, the mechanism remains still unknown. OBJECTIVE: Endothelial cells were cultured with SCPP scaffolds in vitro, as well as the cell proliferation and angiogenic factor matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) secretion were observed. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: A contrast study was performed at the Laboratory of Tissue Engineering of Sichuan University from September 2008 to April 2009. MATERIALS: A series of calcium polyphosphate (CPP) respectively containing 1 %, 2%, 5%, 8%, and 10% Sr~(2+) were prepared.METHODS: ① Materials were plated on 24-well culture plate,and endothelial cell suspension (300 μL) were seeded on 24-well culture plate at the concentration of 3×10~7/L and cultured with 200 uL RPMI1640 culture media. Endothelial cell proliferation was observed using MTT method at days 1,3,5, and 7 after culture. ② CPP and 8% SCPP were plated on 24-well culture plate, and endothelial cell suspension (300 uL) was then incubated in 24-well culture plate at the concentration of 1x10~8/L and cultured with 600 uL RPMI1640 culture media. The morphology of endothelial cells was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at day 5 after culture.③ Endothelial cells were co-cultured with SCPP of various Sr~(2+) contents for 5 days. After confluence, cells were centrifuged to obtain supernatant. Angiogenic factor MMP-2 secretion was evaluated by ELISA assay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proliferation and morphology of endothelial cells on SCPP and CPP were observed. The amount of endothelial cells-derived MMP-2 protein secretion was detected. RESULTS: MTT method demonstrated that the proliferation of endothelial cells on the 8% SCPP scaffold showed a higher level compared to CPP, and other SCPP groups. Scanning electron microscope results suggested that endothelial cells on 8% SCPP had a better growth status and biological activity. ELISA results indicated that angiogenic factor MMP-2 expression on the SCPP was promoted compared with that of CPP, and 8% SCPP showed the highest expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: SCPP has good compatibility with endothelial cells,promoting angiogenesis and enhancing the angiogenic factor MMP-2 expression.
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BACKGROUND: Strontium-doped calcium polyphosphate (SCPP) is a new type of bone repair materials with good biocompatibility and controlled degradation. The preliminary studies of our group indicate their role in promoting angiogenesis,but its mechanism is unclear.OBJECTIVE: By co-culturing osteoblasts ROS17/2.8 with SCPP in vitro to observe cell proliferation and the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A contrast study was performed at the Laboratory of Tissue Engineering of Sichuan University from October 2008 to June 2009.MATERIALS: A series of calcium polyphosphate (CPP) respectively containing 0%, 1 %, 2%, 5%, 8%, and 10% Sr~(2+) were prepared. ROS17/2.8 osteoblastic cell strain was provided by Laboratory of Transplantation Immunity and Transplantation Engineering, West China Hospital, Sichuan University.METHODS: ①Preparation of cell scaffold complexes: The materials were placed in 24-well plates, then 300 μL cell suspension with a concentration of 2×10~7 cells/Lwas inoculated into each hole. These complexes were cultured for 14 days and the liquid was changed every two days. ②These complexes were measured by MTT assay to observe the proliferation of osteoblasts on the 1~(st), 3~(rd), 5~(th), 7~(th), 10~(th) and 14~(th) days, respectively. ③ The centrifugal supernatant of the complex cultured for seven days was measured by ELISA assay to check the secretion of VEGF.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The proliferation of osteoblastic cells on SCPP and CPP was observed. The amount of VEGF protein secreting from osteoblastic cells was detected.RESULTS: The results of MTT showed that, compared with the CPP group, SCPP groups could promote the proliferation of osteoblasts, and 8% SCPP group was the best; ELISA results showed that, compared with the CPP group, SCPP groups could increase the amount of VEGF protein secretion, of which the promoting role of 8% SCPP was the most obvious (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: When cultured with osteoblasts, SCPP can promote cell proliferation, and can significantly increase the secretion of VEGF; moreover, 8% SCPP is the best, which reveals a certain mechanism of its promoting angiogenesis.
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Objective To discuss the clinical value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in the brain vascular malformations. Methods Imaging data of 34 patients with brain vascular malformations proved by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or pathology obtained on Siemens Sonata 1.5T MR system were studied prospectively, and compared with those of conventional MRI (cMRI) and SWI. Results All 41 lesions of 34 patients with brain vascular malformations showed clearly by SWI. These patients were diagnosed by surgical findings or DSA. These nidus comprised 19 cavernous angiomas, 9 arteriovenous malformations and 6 cerebral venous malformations. Conclusion SWI should be used for clinical diagnosis of brain vascular malformations, and providing more complete and detailed information combining with other sequence.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish the quality standard of Buqi tongmai capsule.METHODS:Salviae miltiorrhiza,Ligusticum chuanxiong,Borneolum Syntheticum,Citrus aurantium were identified qualitatively by TLC.The content of astragaloside A was analyzed quantitatively by TLC scanning method.RESULTS: The specificity of S.miltiorrhiza,L.chuanxiong,Borneolum Syntheticum and C.aurantium could be analyzed qualitatively by TLC.The linear range of astragaloside A were 0.274 2～4.934 7 ?g (r=0.998 9) with an average recovery of 96.56%(RSD=2.70%,n=5).CONCLUSION: Established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Buqi tongmai casuple.
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OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation technology of Buqi tongmai capsule.METHODS: Orthogonal experiment of exeracting Radix Astragali was conducted with crude drugs soaking time,extracting times,amount of water added and decocting duration as factors and the content of astragaloside as index.Orthogonal experiment of exeracting Salvia miltiorrhiza,Ligusticum chuanxiong,Fructus Aurantii Immaturus,Carthamus tinctorius was conducted with crude drugs soaking time,amount of water added and decocting duration as factors and the content of tanshinol as index.RESULTS:Water was adopted for extraction and the concentration of alcohol for precipitate was 70 percent.The optimal technology of exeracting Radix Astragali was to soak the crude drugs for 30 min,decoct for 90 min in 10 times of water for 2 times.The optimal technology of exeracting S.miltiorrhiza,L.chuanxiong,Fructus Aurantii Immaturus,C.tinctorius was to decoct the crude drugs for 90 min,8 times of water for 2 times.CONCLUSION:The preparation processes is feasible,stable and meet the demands in the clinic.